Galactic Evolution at High Redshifts: Simulations and Comparisons with Observations and Theoretical Models

Abstract

Recently, a survey conducted by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has discovered a significant and unexpected abundance of super early massive galaxies, challenging the current theoretical predictions coming from derived ultraviolet luminosity functions (UV LF). This discovery has led to the suggestion of several theories that attempt to explain the contradictions between previous theories and current observations. These theories include the lack of early dust attenuation, a possible top-heavy initial mass function (IMF), a high star formation efficiency, and even new clustering physics. In this paper, I will evaluate these new proposed theories by demonstrating how they compare with observations as well as with numerical simulation models to obtain a clear understanding of this unexpected abundance of early massive galaxies. I propose that performing cosmological simulations should provide a better understanding of how consistent these theoretical models are with current observations and how we can use these simulations to predict future findings.