An investigation of the mirror neuron system and its capacity to explain human sociability

Abstract

Since their discovery in the 1990s, mirror neurons have been widely discussed for their potential to provide information about behaviors that are particularly robust in humans. The most widely distributed claim about mirror neurons is that they dictate one’s ability to empathize with others through mimicry and reflection-based prediction of the mental states of others. This thesis explores the role of mirror neurons in performing skills necessary for social interaction and expression, analyzing key findings within, and related to the field. It will begin by describing the circumstances under which mirror neurons were discovered and what the implications of this discovery were. There will then be discussions of how the discovery was received both within and beyond the field. An outline of the social brain will also be provided, as some brain regions of particular interest when considering how expansive mirror neuron capabilities may be belong to this network. From this will follow analysis that bridges early mirror neuron research with current social brain research, investigating through preexisting research the presence of mirror neurons in brain regions with distinct, essential roles for social understanding and communication. It will also discuss the applications of mirror neurons to depressive disorders in which social ability is impaired. The potential pitfalls of each discussed study and their implications will also be detailed in order to understand areas of improvement in mirror neuron research concerning empathetical processes. This will be followed by a conversation of the problems and controversies within the field and will be concluded by a discussion of future directions for research.