The Doctors' Riot of 1788: Unraveling the Dynamics of Race, Medicine, and Civil Unrest that Prompted America’s First Anatomy Act

Abstract

Through a meticulous examination of historical records and archaeological findings, this theis reconstructs the events leading up to the Doctors’ Riot of 1788 and its aftermath. It explores the societal attitudes towards dissection, the struggles faced by African Americans in post-Revolutionary War New York City, and the catalysts that led to the Riot. Despite significant risks, African Americans engaged with the newly formed government to challenge the prevailing practices of grave robbing and advocated for the protection of their deceased kin.

The Doctors’ Riot of 1788, occurring merely twelve years after America’s independence, showcased a rare alliance between Black and White protesters, demanding government action to safeguard burial sites. The subsequent passage of the 1789 New York Anatomy Act marked a pivotal moment in American history, laying the groundwork for the nation’s first Anatomy Act and reshaping the discourse on medical practices.

By weaving together historical narratives and primary sources, this paper sheds light on a forgotten chapter of American history and its enduring impact on African American rights. It underscores the bravery and resilience of those who fought against systemic injustice, illuminating the interconnectedness of past events and their relevance to contemporary understandings of race, law, medicine, and social justice.