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Title: | Energetic particle optimization of quasi-axisymmetric stellarator equilibria |
Contributors: | LeViness, Alexandra Schmitt, John Lazerson, Samuel Bader, Aaron Faber, Benjamin Hammond, Kenneth Gates, David U. S. Department of Energy contract number DE-AC02-09CH11466 |
Issue Date: | 2022 |
Publisher: | Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University |
Related Publication: | Nuclear Fusion, in press |
Abstract: | An important goal of stellarator optimization is to achieve good confinement of energetic particles such as, in the case of a reactor, alphas created by Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) fusion. In this work, a fixed-boundary stellarator equilibrium was re-optimized for energetic particle confinement via a two-step process: first, by minimizing deviations from quasi-axisymmetry (QA) on a single flux surface near the mid-radius, and secondly by maintaining this improved quasi-axisymmetry while minimizing the analytical quantity ΓC , which represents the angle between magnetic flux surfaces and contours of J||, the second adiabatic invariant. This was performed multiple times, resulting in a group of equilibria with significantly reduced energetic particle losses, as evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations of alpha particles in scaled-up versions of the equilibria. This is the first time that energetic particle losses in a QA stellarator have successfully been reduced by optimizing ΓC . The relationship between energetic particle losses and metrics such as QA error (Eqa) and ΓC in this set of equilibria were examined via statistical methods and a nearly linear relationship between volume-averaged ΓC and prompt particle losses was found. |
URI: | http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp012n49t492r |
Referenced By: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aca4e3 |
Appears in Collections: | Stellarators |
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